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The PARSIAN STUDENT in I.U.T.
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FARS
Fars, the land of virtuous people, the territory of great antiquity, equal to that of history of Iran , has always been considered as a major center of formation and prosperity of ancient civilization of Iran and the world. this territory is the cradle of since, culture and civilization and has a meritorious and worthy position in the mind and language of Iranians and inhabitants of the world. Left click on the small map below to have a large view in the right!
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Shiraz and Fars
Situated in a plain surrounded by two mountain-ranges, Shiraz is 895 Km. away from Tehran. It enjoys a mild climate and its magnificently impressive gardens have been famous from distant past. Being the home town of two of the greatest Persian poets, this city has been the tourists' focus of attention. Chardin, the French traveler, and Flandin are among others who have visited Shiraz. Being the capital of Iran, in different periods it includes numerous monuments some of which are as follows
Dating back to antiquity, Fars province has been a significant center of the Persian culture and civilization. During some important Iranian dynasties, including the Acheamenids, Fars was the capital of the country. Considering numerous historical monuments, Fars is an exponent of the Iranian and Islamic art and history. Some
of the greatest Iranian poets and philosophers are from this province. The identity of this province and the whole country is so much merged that Iran was once known as PARS (Persian).
Located in the southern Iran and covering an area of 133,000 square Km, Fars is bounded on the north by Yazd and Isfahan, on the west by Kohgiluyeh va Boyr Ahmad, and on the south by Hormozgan, and on the east by Kerman.
The climate of Fars is complex, ranging from cold in the mountainous regions to warm in the southern and eastern areas. The cities of Sepidan and Nurabad are located in the mountainous regions. In the cities of Shiraz, Kazerun, Fasa, and Firuzabad the weather is mild, while Lar, Khonj and Evaz have hot dry summers.
The Zagros range stretches from the north-west to the south-east. In the north and north-west of the province there are lofty mountains like Barm Firuz and Azamat. The famous defile of Koli Kosh is in this mountain. The mountains near Shiraz are Sabz Pushan, Kuh-e Bamu, Kuh-e Tudaj and Kharman Kuh.
The most important river is Karkheh, originating in the northern mountains, passing by the city of Marvdasht and emptying into lake Bakhtegan. The river across which the large dam of Derudzan has been built, irrigates many areas and creates spectacular views. The dam is suitable for water sports. The other rivers of Fars most of which flow into the Persian Gulf are as follows: Qara Aqaj, Shapur, Dalaki, Firuzabad and Fahlian. The waterfall of Margun in the western most of Fars is very high, ttracting large numbers of people.
There are three impressive lakes in Fars: Bakhtegan (Neyriz), Parishan (Famur) and Maharlu. Bakhtegan in the eastern Fars is linked with a smaller lake called Tashk. Tashk is a shallow lake and is located in Neyriz. Lake Bakhtegan is the habitat of some species of migratory birds. Lake Parishan, situated in the south-east of Kazerun, is a center for fishing and fish farming. There are recreational facilities on the lake. Lake Maharlu located 18 kmt east of Shiraz has salt-water from which salt is obtained .
In the mountainous regions there are impressive caves, the most important of which are as follows: Tadevan cave, located 120 kmt east of Shiraz on the road of Jahrom-Shiraz, this cave where a lot of bats live, is one of the largest caves in Iran. Shafaq cave, located 140 kmt east of Shiraz, Shah-e Qandab cave, 45 kmt away from
Abadeh and Kan-e Gohar cave 36 kmt away from Suryan in Abadeh are
caves having eye-catching stalactites and stalagmites. Shapur cave, 30 kmt form Kazerun, in which there is a pool is a point of interest. A statue of Shapur I ,a king of the Susanna dynasty, with a height of 7 meters is in front of the cave.
The vegetation of the province is rich in variety including goat's thorn, acanthus, milfoil, oak, almond, and fig trees. The forested of the Zagros.
Wildlife, includes ibex, gazelles, mouflon, deer, wild boars, foxes and jackals. Birds found in the province are partridges, pheasants, eagles and some species of migratory birds. The national park of Bamu, in the northern Shiraz, covering an area of 40000 ha, abounds with deer. Wildlife sanctuary of Arjan, established in the west of
Shiraz includes forests and many springs. A rare variety of Iranian deer lives in this area. Bahram-e Gur, Harmed and Bakhtegan are other wildlife sanctuaries.
The ruling dynasty of the Persian was settled in Fars by the Achaemenids. From then on Fars has been a major center of the Iranian culture and civilization.
Persepolis( Taxt-e-Jamsheed) and Pasargad Farsi is the language which is redominantly spoken. The religion of the majority of the people is Islam. Religious minorities are Zoroastrians, Jews and Christians. One of the biggest Iranian tribes
called Qashqayee lives in Fars.
All cities of the province are linked with each other and with the neighboring provinces by asphalt all-weather roads. The International airport of Shiraz connecting Shiraz with many cities in Iran and abroad plays an important role in transportation of both passengers and goods. The cities of Lar and Lamard also have airports linking them with Shiraz and Tehran. Shiraz is on the main road from Tehran to the southern Iran.
Agriculture is of great importance in Fars. The major products include cereal (wheat and barley), citrus fruits, dates, sugar beets and cotton.
The Fars industries are of high significance, some of which are the petrochemical industry, an oil refinery,a factory for producing tires, electronics industry and a sugar mill.
The handicrafts of Fars are rich in diversity , the most significant of which are as follows : Silver smiting , Marquette and skill-embroidery in Shiraz ; Giveh(light cotton summer shoes) making in Abadeh ; and ceramics in Estahban ; carpet , jajim (fine carpet made of wool or cotton) , and Gelim(carpet made of goats' hair)weaving in Firuzabad . Other industries like cloth-weaving and glass blowing are scattered throughout the province . Carpets woven by tribes , rose water made in Firuzabad , sweets produced in Fasa , and lime juice and plant essence extracted in Shiraz are of the highest quality .
Fars province consists of 16 cities of which Shiraz is the provincial capital
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Qashqai nomads,Eqlid,Fars
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Abadeh
The town of Abadeh is located 638 Kilometers south to Tehran, the national capital. Its history turn back to one thousand years, but its development started since the Kareem Khan period, when he turned Shiraz to a national capital. the district of Abadeh is significant for its location in a mountainous area, on the northern part of the province, which turns its weather to a cold and moderate.the most important historical elements of the district are as following:
hKakhe Sassani( the Sassanid Palace) which is located south-west to Sarvistan.
hGunbad ali, Maqbareh(tomb) Tawos, Mazar Peer Hamzeh Sabz Poosh and the jami mosque of Abarkooh.
hBasiran hunt forbidden region, which is located 4 Kilometers south to Abadeh.
hToot Seyah( Black Berry) hunt forbidden region,which is located at the end of Boanat region.
Estahban
The town of Estahban is located 1112 Kilometers south to Tehran. The history of the town returns to the year 746 AH after it was totally demolished by the Mongols,it was rebuilt by the prince Amir Mobariz-el-Deen Al-Mozaffar. The town of Estahban is located between two mountain chains, and its weather is worm in the eastern parts, while it is moderate in the mountainous parts. The most important places to visit in Estahban are as following:
hTang Lay Tareek ( strait), which is located on the south-West of Estahban .
hTangahy( strait) Eij and Estahban,which are located in Eij village, and Estahban sub-urb.
hGardeshgah (malls) Bardaneh, which is located on the road between Eich an Darab, the second is Bacbac, which is located south-east to Estahban.
hGardeshgah (malls) and Forest Park which is located south to Estahban.
Eqleed
ds The district of Eqleed which has been Known as the invasion key of Fars region, is located in a mountainous area and , it enjoys a cold weather. The most intersting places to visit in this district are as following:
hKafter lake (daryacheh) which is located south-east to Eqleed.
hCheshmehaye(springs) Balengan, Qadamghah, Choeo and Mohammad Rasool Allah.
hAbshar( watter fall) Dashtak Iraj.
hQala (castle) IzadKhoah.
Jahrum
The town of jahrum is located 1158 Kilometers south to Tehran. Jahrum is one of the oldest regions of the Iran, and according to some historical records, it was built by Khorsheh, The Ummayeds Caliph’s representive to the region. Although the mountain chains of Safeedar are surrounding the district on the north-west, the weather of the region is very hot. The most important places to visit in Jahrum are as following:
hGardeshgah (mall) Bouneer which is located on the southern highlands of Jahrum.
hQalahayeh (Castles) of Mehrak, Khorshed, and Qala Qabr.
hAtashkadeh (fire place) Qadamgah which is located south to Jahrum.
Lar
The town of lar is located 1324 Kilometers south to Tehran, and south-east to the city Shiraz. The district of Lar is located on a large plain,and its weather is warm. the region of lar became important during the Sasanid Period after a fire place was estabilished there. It was the Governmental center for coining money during the 8th century AH, and this coin was known as " Carbon" and it was current on the Persian Gulf and the Indian costs. The most important places to visit in lar district are as following:
hGardashgah (mall) Imamzadeh Bezeer which is located on the old road to Lar.
hHermod Lar protected area which is located east to Larestan.
hQaysarieh Bazeer and Ab Anbar ( water storage) Sayed Jafari in the town of Lar.
hQadamghah Qala( castle) which is located north-west to Lar.
Darab
The district of Darab is located on the south-eastern part of the province, and it is consisted of two geographical parts, a northern one which is mountainous and is covered by forest trees, and central to southern one which includes a large plain. The town of Darab is one of the oldest towns of the province. The old name of this town was " Darab Gerd ", and its remains are still exis, and known as " Dehya Castle " on the south-west of Darab today. The most important places to visit in Darab are as following:
hTafarrojghahye (malls) Jounjan, Tang Lay Zangan and Ab Band.
hQasrhye ( places) Aieneh(mirror), Kyarath, and Naqshe-Shapour and Rustam.
hGhar(cave) Tang Chougan.
hMasajid (mosques) Sangi and Jami Darab.
hAramgahaye ( tombs) Shahzadeh Abul Qasim and Shah Abu Zakareya.
hAtashkadehaye ( fire places) Azarakhsh, Azarju and Hakhamanash.
Shiraz
The city of Shiraz, the capital of Fars province, is located 919 Kilometers south to Tehran. The district of Shiraz enjoys a moderate weather with regular seasons. The region of Shiraz has been specially important during its long history. It was mentoined in many Ilamian epigraphs which were discovered in Perspolis. The memorial tombs of the great two Persian poets, Sadi and Hafiz, are in this city, and the memorial tomb of the other poet, Khoaju is located near the city gate. The long history of this city has left many historical and cultural places a long side with the natural views, to be visited by tourists, which form the following are the most important:
hMaharloo, Arjan and Rajy lakes.
hCheshmehaye ( springs) Khargan, and Tanghaye (straits) Khani, Allah-Akbar, Herayraz and Bouan.
hBaghhaye Qadimi ( Old and beautiful Persian Gardens) of Gulshan, Eram, Delgusha, Chehel Tan, Haft Tan, Jahan Nama and Takht-o-Baghe-Sadi.
hGardeshgahaye(malls) Cheshmeh Feeli, Cheshmeh Salmani, Bar Dalak, Cheshmeh Chah Maski, Meyan Kotal, Band (dam) Bahman and Atashkadeh ( fire place).
hParke-Milli (National Park) Bambo which is located north to Shiraz.
hAbou Nasr Place and Arg (Castle) of Kareem Khan Zand.
hEmarat Bagh Ilkhani ( Mongols Garden and Building), and Bagh(garden) Nashat and Bagh Nazar.
hQala (Castle) Ijdaha Paykar which is located west to Shiraz, and Qala(Castle) Kaka which is located 6 Kilometers to the east of the Dasht (Plain) Eram Djadid.
hHammamhaye ( Old Bathes) Nashat and Wakeel.
hThe Wakeel Bazaar and the New Bazaar ( Bazaar Nou).
hMadares Qadeemi ( Old Schools) Khan and Aqa Baba Khan.
hMasajid ( Mosques) Ateeq, Shouhada and NAseerol-Mulk.
hBoqaa (tombs) Bibi Dukhtaran, Sayed Mir Mohammed, Alaaol-Deen Husaini, Ali ebn Hamzeh, Shuhada and Shaykh Aqtaa.
hAramghah (tomb), Hafiz, Sadi, Khoajavi Kermani, Wassaf, Shah Daai ela Allah, Shan Shujaa
hMuzaffari, Sheykh Rouzbahan, Sheykh Kabeer, Sheykh Mohammed Lahiji, Mushreqeen, Shah Charagh, Sybaweih,Tajol-Deen Ghareeb and Chehel Tanan.
hAtashkadehaye (fire places) Pasargad and Samikan.
Kazeroon
Kazeroon is located 1032 Kilometers south to Tehran. Its weather is hot, but the heat differs between one area to another. Kazeroon towns is one of the oldest towns of Iran.In the old time, the old city of Shapour had central importance in the region. Its remaining are located 20 Kilometers north-west of Kazeroon now, and Kazeroon was one of its sub-urbs. After the destruction of the old city of Shapour Firooz ( in 483-495 AC), the son of Bahram Sasani started to develop Kazeroon, and in Qubad perid(487-498 AC) it was expanded and developed more and more. The most important places to visit in this district are as following:
hDaryacheh (lake) Parishan, which is located 12 Kilometers to Kazeroon.
hCheshmeh (spring) Asan, and Tafarrojgah(mall) Immazadeh Sayed Hussein.
hPolhaye Qadimi ( Old Bridge) Abgineh and Ali ben Hamzeh.
hNaqshe Shapour ( Engraving of the king Shapour) which is located near to Kazeroon.
hThe Ancient City Bishapour.
hAtashkadahaye (fire places) Kazeroon and Bozorg Jareh.
Feeroz Abad
The town of Feeroz Abad is located, in a mountainous area, 1035 Kilometers south to Tehran. The weather of This district is moderate on the north and Warm on the South.The town of Feeroz Abad is located 3 Kilometers south-east to the ancient place of Goor (Joor) which was built according to a command by the King Ardasheer Babakan, the founder of the Sassanid Dynasty. Once, Goor was the headquarters of Ardasheer Khora.The Muslims captured this city in 28-29 AH (after Hijrate), and Azodel-Dawleh Daylami, named this town " Feeroz Abad" in the 4th century AH. Many important historical elements are left in the town, mainly from Ardasheer Babakan period(224-241 AC), and his son Shapour the First(241-272 AC), which are located now near to this town. Most of this historical elements are comparable to the ones of Takhte-Jamsheed(Perspolis). Some of these elements are as following:
hThe remaining of the Old Town( Shahre-Qadimi), which is located north-west to the present town.
hAtashkadahaye (fire places) Kenar Seyah, Sasaneyan and Farash Band.
hKarvansaraye Ahde Sasani which is located 3 Kilometers south to the Sasani Fire Place.
hQala Dukhtar ( Girl Castle) which is located in the plate of Feeroz Abad.
hCheshmahaye (Springs) Atashkadeh(fire places), Tankab, Hanifqan, Tang Kherqeh, and
hGardashgah(mall) Shaheed.
Nay Reez
The town of Nay Reez is located 1140 Kilometers south to Tehran. The weather in the district of Nay Reez is moderate on the northern and Warm on the southern areas. It was mentoined in the clay epigraphs of Perspolis by the name of " Nairiz " which is taken the same to " Nay Reez " . one of the oldest mosques, which belongs to the first century of Islam, The Jami mosques of Nay Reez exists in this town. The other important places to visit in this district are as following:
hDaryacheh (lake) Tashak and Bakhtegan which is located near to Nay Reez.
hCheshmeh (spring) Palangan which is located inside BAghe-Milli (the National Garden).
hTanghayeh (straits) Palangan, Tashak and Jezeen.
hMasjid Jami (the Jami Mosque) which belongs to Al-Bewayh period. and it is inside the town.
Fasa
The town of Fasa is located 1085 Kilometers south to Tehran, and its main area is mountainous. Most villages of this district are located on highlands, and only some parts of its north-western and south-eastern area are somewhat lat. In the clay epigraph of Perspolis, the name " Shebi Ya " or " Bashi Ya " was mentoined, which is believed to be the mention of the name of Fasa. It was captured by the Muslim commander Ottoman ebn Abilass in 32 AH. The town of Fasa was the Second importanr towns of " Darabgerd State " during the fourth century AH, and its area was equal to area of the city of Shiraz. The most important places to visit Fasa are as following:
hQala( Castle) Zahhak is located near the town.
hGardashgah (mall) Meyan Jangle which is located 50 Kilometers north-west to Fasa.
Mamesani
The town of Mamesani is located west to Shiraz, and its weather is cold on the northern and warm on the southernareas. The name of Mamesani was mentoined in books of history as " Sholestan " which means the living place of one of the Lur tribes that was called " Shole ". There are many natural and historical places to visit in Mamesani such as the following:
hGardashgah(mall) Dyme Meel which is located near to Burj(tower) Noor Abad.
hCheshmeh Ab Garm (Warm Water Spring) Sarab Bahram, which is located on the road between Shahijan and the town of Noor Abad.
hPule-Qadimi ( Old Bridge) Fahleyan and Katibehaye (epigraphs) of Koringon which are located west to Fahleyan.
hNaqsh (engraving) Bahram which is located 9 Kilometers to Noor Abad.
hShare Qadimi (Old town) Cheshmeh Sard which is located 40 Kilometers to Noor Abad.
hEmarat Qadimi ( Old Building) which is located in Rustam village.
hImmamzadeh Dare Ahanin tomb which is located in Noor Abad.
hAramgah(tomb) Syrus.
hAtashkadehaye (fire place) Pasargad and Samikan.
Marvdasht
The district of Marvdasht is located north to the city of Shiraz,and its weather is very cold on the mountains, while it is moderate on other areas. Scientific archeology discoveries has reviled that thousands years ago, when the king Darious decided to build his places on a stony hill, on the out skirt of the Rahmat mountain, there were civilized local people living in a spacious plain, which is now named Marvdasht. The famous historical sites of Estakhar Jamsheed (Perspolis) demonstrate only some parts of the history of the region. From the many historical sites of the district of Marvdasht, the most important to visit are as following:
hCheshmahaye (springs) Abul Mahdi and Bonab Qader Abad.
hAbshar (Water fall) Margoon which is located near to the lake of Feerozan dam.
hTanghaye (straits) Bostanak and Bezaq which are located in Kamfirooz.
hTakht Jamshid(Perspolis) complex site.
hQala (castle) Estakhr and Burj (tower) Zendan Solayman.
hPulhaye Qadimi (old bridge) Khan and Band Amir.
hSang Nebeshte (stone epigraph) Tang Bazaqi and Naqsh Radjab.
hShahre Qadimi(old town) Estakhr which is located 7 Kilometers to Takhte Jamshid (Perspolis).
Sapeedan
The district of Sapeedan(Ardakan) is located on the north of the province of Fars. It is consisted of wood land mountainous areas. The history of this district is as long as 8 centuries. the most important natural historical places of the district are as following:
hCheshmeh (spring) Sapeedan which is located 6 Kilometers south to the town of Sapeedan.
hGardashgahaye (malls) Tang Tizab and Chille-Gah.
hSki site of Sapeedan
City Of Fars
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